Historical Usuki: A Kimono Walking Guide
Welcome to Usuki, a beautifully preserved castle town in Oita Prefecture that is rich in history, culture, and tradition. To fully immerse yourself in the city’s historical landscape, why not walk its streets while wearing a traditional kimono? Your journey through Usuki will create memories—and photo-worthy moments—that stay with you long after your visit.
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Discovering Usuki
Usuki grew around Usuki Castle, which was built in 1562 by Otomo Sorin, a powerful lord known for embracing Christianity and for making the city a hub of international trade, most notably with Portugal and Ming China. While the castle itself was partially demolished during Japan’s modernization in the Meiji Period, the old castle town remains largely intact, with narrow, winding streets lined with historical buildings that transport visitors back to Japan’s feudal era. A special way to experience Usuki’s charm is to explore it in a kimono, reinforcing the feeling of stepping back in time. This guide is here to help you do just that.
Renting a Kimono
Kimono no Akouya offers a carefully curated selection of traditional kimono in various patterns and styles for rental. The staff will help you choose your preferred design and then skillfully dress you in your selected kimono, ensuring everything is worn correctly and comfortably. You don’t need to bring any special items or clothing with you, though you might want to wear warm undergarments in winter, and you can borrow a traditional drawstring bag for carrying your valuables. The friendly staff will also share helpful tips about walking and moving in your kimono, so you can explore the streets of Usuki with confidence.
Kimono Tips
General Tips
New to wearing kimono? Here are some essential tips. First, try to stand upright, with your weight slightly forward. Take small steps when walking and lift the hem when climbing stairs or sitting to avoid straining the fabric and keep everything looking neatly held together. Be mindful of the loose sleeves while eating or around objects they might catch on, like door handles. Also, hold onto the sleeves when lifting your arms, so they don’t slide up or turn inside out. Avoid smoking, as ash and burns can ruin the fabric. For bathroom visits, when using a urinal, simply part the layers to the left and right and lift them up slightly. When using a toilet, find a spacious stall or a room, separate the layers one by one to the left and right in your hands, and gently lift them upwards. If there is anything else you want to know, just ask the rental staff, who will be more than happy to help.
Picture-Perfect Poses
You’ve probably got some photo ideas in mind already, but here are a few classic poses you might enjoy trying, along with some simple tips to help you look your best.
- Standing pose
- For an elegant standing portrait, ladies should try placing both hands just below the obi sash, with one foot slightly drawn back, creating a graceful line. Men can make themselves look extra dignified if they keep their hands at their sides with their fingers gently curled into a loose fist.
- Seated pose
- When sitting for photos, ladies should keep an eye on how the obi drapes. If you’re comfortable sitting on your knees in the traditional Japanese seiza position, this creates an especially elegant look.
- Using accessories
- Don’t let any rainy weather get you down—try posing with a traditional Japanese umbrella (wagasa). Its beautiful shape and distinctive traditional design complement the kimono and can add a lovely splash of color to your photos.
Selfie Trap
When wearing a kimono, getting the collar right is really important—the left and right sides need to overlap in a specific way. Done correctly, the collar forms a neat Y-shape as seen by others. If it’s reversed, it’s actually considered very inauspicious, since that’s how burial kimono are arranged. If you’re renting your kimono, the staff will make sure everything’s perfect, so you don’t have to worry. However, there is one modern-day pitfall you need to watch out for: smartphone selfies! The front-facing camera will flip your image and, of course, your properly arranged collar, so avoid selfies and ask someone to snap you instead.

More Cultural Experiences
Tea Ceremony
After exploring the former castle town in your kimono, you can round off your day with an authentic tea ceremony back at Kimono no Akouya. The tea master will warmly guide you through each step of this centuries-old ritual in an intimate setting, from the proper way to appreciate your traditional Japanese wagashi sweet to the etiquette of receiving and drinking the tea, making it accessible and engaging even for first-time participants. The ceremony features a balanced combination of intense but not overly bitter matcha tea and delicious wagashi crafted following time-honored recipes. This is a wonderful way to experience one of Japan’s most cherished traditions in an authentic yet approachable setting.
Usukiyaki
While it may feel a shame to eventually change out of your beautiful kimono, there are more delightful experiences awaiting you in your regular clothes. Why not immerse yourself in unique cultural experiences that you can only find in Usuki? Here, you can try your hand at creating traditional Usukiyaki pottery. Using a technique called katauchi, you’ll press clay into molds to create vessels with beautiful, petal-like patterns. You can also experience kintsugi, the traditional Japanese practice of repairing broken pottery with gold powder, transforming imperfection into beauty.
Scenic Photo Spots
Usuki’s historical streetscapes and architectural treasures provide the perfect backdrop for memorable photos, especially when you’re dressed in a traditional kimono. Here are three special spots you might consider.
- Nioza Historic Road
- Along the narrow Nioza Historical Road, you’ll find impressive former samurai residences featuring high stone walls, traditional tiled roofs, and white-washed walls, as well as venerable old temples. One of the most picturesque spots is the kiridoshi near the former Shinkoji Temple, which is where the path has been carved through the rock of the hillside. For another great photo opportunity and a memorable vista showcasing the entire area, head to the second floor of the temple, which is a free rest area open to visitors.
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- Inaba Residence
- The Inaba Residence was built in 1902 for the Inaba family. These former lords of Usuki had moved to Tokyo but would use the residence whenever returning from the capital. The building showcases the refined architecture of a high-ranking samurai home. A spacious Japanese garden, elegant in its simplicity, complements the traditional architecture, making it an ideal spot for kimono photography.
- Official tourist website (Japanese)
- Usuki Castle Ruins
- Usuki Castle was originally built in 1562 on what was then a small island in Usuki Bay but is now connected to the mainland. Though most of the castle was demolished in 1873, visitors today can still explore its atmospheric grounds, which feature several preserved structures, including stone walls, two original watchtowers, and parts of a traditional garden. Now transformed into a public park, the castle ruins offer excellent views and photo opportunities. The site is particularly stunning in spring, when the cherry trees burst into bloom, blanketing the grounds in pink.
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Sweet Stops
While exploring Usuki’s charms, treat yourself at one of the city’s delightful dessert spots, from locally inspired soft serve ice cream to lovely cafés.
- Soft Serve
- Usuki offers unique soft-serve ice cream flavors that showcase local ingredients. At Kabosu Kobo, a cute souvenir shop, you can try soft serve flavored with kabosu, Oita Prefecture’s signature citrus fruit. Kani Shoyu, a soy sauce brewery established in 1600, offers miso-flavored soft serve in an atmospheric shop space. Another must-try miso soft serve can be found at Kotegawa Shoten, a charming eatery that dates back to the Edo Period and is the birthplace of Fundokin, one of Usuki’s traditional soy sauce breweries.
- Official tourist website (Japanese)
- Cafés
- There are also many great cafés around Usuki. Bon to Rin, housed in a former samurai residence, serves both lunch and sweets in a chic atmosphere with garden views. Though it’s a bit outside the castle town, the ambiance makes it worth the trip. Nagaya Mon, near Sala de Usuki, captures the essence of the old castle town, offering coffee and dessert in a refined setting where you can gaze out at a traditional Japanese garden.
- Official tourist website (Japanese)
Local Flavors
Besides sweets and coffee, Usuki has a rich food culture built on delicious local produce and distinctive traditional dishes.
- Usuki Fugu
- Usuki is one of Japan’s top destinations for fugu or Japanese pufferfish. The city’s location along the Bungo Channel means fresh fugu is available year-round, caught in nearby fishing grounds. What makes Usuki’s fugu special is its distinctive texture, developed from swimming in the strong Kuroshio Current. The fish is so fresh that chefs serve it in notably thick slices rather than paper-thin ones, a local style that brings out the natural sweetness and umami. There are many excellent fugu restaurants where you can experience this local delicacy throughout the city.
- See more(tripadvisor)
- Honmamon Produce
- In Usuki, you’ll see the term “Honmamon” (meaning “something authentic and high quality”) on agricultural products throughout the city. These specially certified products represent Usuki’s commitment to organic farming and traditional growing methods. Honmamon produce is grown without chemical fertilizers or synthetic pesticides, using rich local compost. You can identify these products by their distinctive gold sticker featuring the character “ほ” (“ho”). Look for Honmamon produce at local farmers’ markets, supermarkets, and restaurants across Usuki.
- Official tourist website
- Traditional Usuki Dishes
- Usuki’s local cuisine reflects a heritage of frugality and ingenuity from the Edo Period(1603-1868). The city is known for distinctive dishes like o-han (yellow rice), created as an inexpensive alternative to ceremonial sekihan (red bean rice) with rice cooked in water colored by gardenia fruits and served with kayaku, a hearty soup of fish and vegetables. Another local specialty is kirasu-mameshi, a dish of leftover sashimi and fish trimmings cleverly bulked up with soy pulp left over from tofu production. These traditional dishes can still be found throughout Usuki today, offering a taste of the city’s culinary history.
- Official tourist website (Japanese)
UNESCO Creative City of Gastronomy
In 2021, Usuki City was recognized by UNESCO for its rich culinary heritage, which includes traditional fermentation and brewing techniques, local dishes born from a culture of resourcefulness, and local production of organic vegetables for local consumption. The city’s fermented products like miso and soy sauce, along with locally brewed sake, make excellent souvenirs. For lunch or dinner, treat yourself to the city’s superb seafood—particularly the famed fugu—served alongside organic vegetables grown in local fields.

Christian Heritage
Otomo Sorin, who built Usuki Castle in 1562 and laid the foundations for today’s city, was one of Japan’s most internationally minded lords of his time. His interest in foreign culture and meeting with the Jesuit missionary Francis Xavier led him to embrace Christianity, and in 1578 he was baptized in a local church, taking the Christian name Francisco. This fascinating chapter of Usuki’s history comes alive at Kuge’s Okura, a former sake storehouse from the late Edo Period. Here, you’ll discover a beautiful mural, created in 2000 by Portuguese artist Rogério Ribeiro using decorative azulejo tiles, that tells the story of early Portuguese-Japanese relations through evocative scenes featuring Christian missionaries, angels, and Otomo Sorin himself. Today, the structure serves as a cultural facility, hosting mini-concerts and small exhibitions. Another fascinating Christian artifact can be found at Kenshozenji near Nioza Historical Road. This temple, founded in 1634, houses a Maria Kannon, which is a statue of the Virgin Mary but disguised as the Buddhist deity Kannon to help hidden Christians practice their faith in secret and avoid potential persecution.
Lasting Impressions
While other destinations in Kyushu like Fukuoka and Beppu might be more famous, Usuki is an authentic and hidden gem that rewards visitors with its well-preserved historical architecture, rich cultural heritage, and delicious local food. Beyond the atmospheric castle town, visitors will also find another of Usuki’s treasures just 20 minutes away—the Usuki Stone Buddhas. Carved between the late Heian and Kamakura Periods (794–1333), these statues are unrivaled in Japan for both their scale and craftsmanship, earning them National Treasure status. The mystery surrounding their origins—who carved them, exactly when, and why—and their secluded setting create a contemplative and memorable experience.